In 2015, the National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center (NATESC) organised
60 monitoring sites to monitor the resistance to drugs of 13 major pests such
as rice plant hopper, Chilo suppressalis Walker, wheat head blight, cotton
bollworm, cotton aphid and diamondback moth.
Source: Baidu
These monitoring sites are in 20
provinces (districts and cities) such as Beijing, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
Region and Hebei, Shanxi, Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Hunan and Guangdong
provinces. In addition, corresponding monitoring results, countermeasures and
suggestions were also released. Here CCM summarizes the rice and wheat pests
and their resistance to drugs.
1. Rice pests' resistance to drugs
(1) Nilaparvata lugens
Monitoring results of Nilaparvata lugens:
- Resistance to neonicotinoid pesticides
At present, all populations of Nilaparvata lugens in monitored areas have
developed high-level resistance to imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid pesticide of
the 1st generation, and the resistance multiples are all over 1,000 times. They
have also developed high-level resistance to thiamethoxam, a neonicotinoid pesticide of the 2nd generation, and the resistance multiples are all over 200
times.
However, they are in sensitive to low-level resistance to nitenpyram and
the resistance multiples are 1.6–8 times. Their resistance to dinotefuran, a
neonicotinoid pesticide of the 3rd generation, is in an intermediate level and
the resistance multiples are 11–48 times. Results of field experiments in
various areas showed that the control effect of thiamethoxam (conventional
dose) on Nilaparvata lugens reduced and ten days after the use of it, its
control effect was only 40%–60%.
- Resistance to organophosphorus pesticides
Now, all populations of Nilaparvata lugens in monitored areas have developed
intermediate-level resistance to chlorpyrifos and the resistance multiples are
10–64 times. Compared with 2014, the resistance has an obvious upward tendency,
rising from a low level to an intermediate level. Results of field experiments in
various areas showed that ten days after the use ofchlorpyrifos (conventional
dose), its control effect on Nilaparvata lugens was only 50%–60%.
- Resistance to insect growth regulator pesticides
Currently, all populations of Nilaparvata lugens in monitored areas have a
high-level resistance to buprofezin and the resistance multiples are more than
200 times. There is a considerable increase compared with 2014. For example,
resistance multiples of populations in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province have
increased from 84 times in 2014 to 1,324 times in 2015, up by 14 times.
According to results of field experiments in various areas, the control effect
of buprofezin (conventional dose) on Nilaparvata lugens reduced and it was only
40%–50% ten days after using buprofezin.
- Resistance to pymetrozine
In areas such as Jiangsu Province and Fujian Province, the resistance of
populations of Nilaparvata lugens to pymetrozine is in an intermediate level
and the resistance multiples are 58–67 times. In areas such as Zhejiang
Province, Hubei Province, Guangdong Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous
Region, the resistance is in a high level and the resistance multiples are
160–302 times.
According to the Plant Protection and Quarantine Bureau of
Zhejiang Province, compared with previous years, the control effect of
pymetrozine (conventional dose) on Nilaparvata lugens reduced and it was only
71% ten days after using the pymetrozine.
Countermeasures and suggestions:
According to the monitoring results at present, Nilaparvata lugens has
generated varying degrees of resistance to various pesticides. Therefore, in
the control process of Nilaparvata lugens, pesticides with different mechanisms
of action and without cross resistance should be alternately used between
emigration regions and immigration regions, and between up and down generations
in the same region.
Continuously using a single pesticide should be avoided.
Considering that Nilaparvata lugens now has a high-level resistance to
imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and buprofezin, it is suggested that each rice
region suspends using these pesticides. In addition, times of using pymetrozine
and chlorpyrifos to control Nilaparvata lugens should be strictly limited and
it would be best to use once for each season of rice. New pesticides such as
nitenpyram, dinotefuran and sulfoxaflor should be alternately used so as to
delay the development of resistance to drugs of Nilaparvata lugens.
(2) Sogatella furcifera
Monitoring results of Sogatella furcifera, countermeasures and suggestions
Now, populations of Sogatella furcifera in monitored areas have an intermediate
to high level resistance to buprofezin with resistance multiples of 34–192
times. Their resistance to chlorpyrifos is in an intermediate level with
resistance multiples of 18–50 times. And their resistance to imidacloprid and
thiamethoxam is in a sensitive level. Compared with 2014, the overall
resistance level of Sogatella furcifera various pesticides changed very little.
Considering that Sogatella furcifera and Nilaparvata lugens often occur at the same
time and Nilaparvata lugens has generated a high-level resistance to
buprofezin, it is suggested that each rice region suspends using buprofezin to
control Sogatella furcifera so as to slow its development of resistance to
drugs. Meanwhile, the resistance monitoring of neonicotinoid pesticides such as
imidacloprid and thiamethoxam should be strengthened.
(3) Laodelphax striatellus
Monitoring results of Laodelphax striatellus, countermeasures and suggestions
In the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River (Jiangsu Province, Anhui
Province, Zhejiang Province, etc.), resistance of populations of Laodelphax
striatellus to thiamethoxam and nitenpyram is in a sensitive state. Most of
them are also in a sensitive state to nitenpyram, but in Gaochun District,
Jiangsu Province, populations have a low-level resistance to nitenpyram with a
resistance multiple of six times.
Their resistance to chlorpyrifos is in an
intermediate level and the resistance multiples are 12–67. In the future, times
of using chlorpyrifos should be limited, and it should be alternately used
together with other pesticides with different mechanisms of action so as to
delay its continuous development of resistance.
This article comes from Insecticides China News 1605, CCM
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Tag: pesticide wheat rice